The End Of The 20th Century - 1544 Words

History since the end of the Civil War to the end of the 20th century has changed drastically when you asses America on an economic, social, and political level. The changes between the end of the 19th century and the end of the 20th century are the cause in the way America has been shaped and how American’s think. In fact, industrialization and urbanization, equal rights for all citizens, and two world wars played a major role in the shape of America to our understanding. Although, there are numerous events that have shaped the country since the end of slavery throughout the United States, there are several that are viewed as signs of great change, such as the Reconstruction Era, the Industrialization Era, World War I and World War II, the Great Depression Era, and the Civil Rights Movement Era. Though, these descriptions only scratch the surface of the greater changes, they can be well-defined as events that created America today. The first major event that followed after the Civil War was the Reconstruction Era, which lasted from 1865 to 1877. This was a time of great turmoil and the nation made an effort to reorganize itself by integrating the Southern states that now was forced to unionize itself as part of the Union. In addition, African Americans that were once considered slaves were now free all over the South and found themselves without a system that just about controlled every aspect of their lives. Now, they had to find a way to fit into a society that was stillShow MoreRelatedEnd of the 20th Century Matrix Essay621 Words   |  3 PagesUniversity of Phoenix Material End of the 20th Century Matrix Choose ten items from the following list and identify their significance during the 1990s and beyond: |Earned Income Tax Credit |Economic prosperity under Clinton | |E-mail |Creating a budget surplus | |NAFTA |TheRead MoreWomen’s Inequality in the 20th Century Essay1194 Words   |  5 Pagestwentieth century, American women fought for the right to vote, the right to make choices regarding their own bodies, and the right to be their own people. The disparities between men and women were often overlooked or blindly accepted, but as Gloria Steinem said, â€Å"history is herstory too.† After nearly 200 years of struggling, women made up only 10% of Congress, received wages less than 75% of their male counter parts, and are stigmatized based on their class and race. By the end of the century, femaleRead MoreNegative Effects Of Industrialization701 Words   |  3 PagesDuring the late 19th and all of the 20th century many events took place affecting the current situation our world is facing today.   The broad term, industrialization, refers to the development of goods produced by machinery and the discovery of new energy re sources.   Industrialization had many positive and negative effects on the citizens of the world during these two centuries.   The events under industrialization could be said to have fallen victim to the â€Å"snowball effect† and been a cause of theRead MoreDeath Of The 19th Century947 Words   |  4 Pagesof operation. By the end of the 20th century, Australia was less violent in comparison to the end of the 18th and 19th centuries. Crimes that have reoccurred during this period include, homicides, assault, theft, burglary, rape, kidnapping and drunkenness in public. Graycar (2001) states that â€Å"in the early 20th century, drunkenness was seen as a crime itself and by the end, it was seen as a precipitating factor.† This reinforces the fact that by the end of the 20th century, crimes in Victoria haveRead MoreHuman Progress in the Twentieth Century Despite Two World Wars953 Words   |  4 Pages The world in the 20th century went through the destruction of World War I and World War II and the hazard of a nuclear war in the course of the Cold War and coped to revolutionize themselves with essential developments within their societies. The world, as a whole, has advanced more than it has suffered during the turbulent 20th century because of the advancements of innovations and human right, despite the demolition of the two World Wars. The 20th century inflicted the greatest suffering to theRead MoreHuman Rights Are The Rights One Is Entitled To Based On1232 Words   |  5 Pageslaw. The most significant of these laws and documents emerged after the 20th century, due to the atrocities that occurred during that time - war, genocide, expulsion, and mass sterilization – and in particular, focused on the rights of women and racial minorities. While the rights of sexual minorities were also impacted, this essay will only examine the rights of women and racial minorities in the context of the main 20th century horrors because they were the two groups most affected by these horrorsRead MoreThe United States And The American Century989 Words   |  4 Pages Throughout the 19th century, the United States concentrates on expanding its reach into foreign markets and colonization of foreign territories. After fighting Spain for Cuba and the Philippines, along with the annexation of Hawaii and other territories, the Unites States have become a minor imperial power. The 1920s is a time of wealth and prosperity for America and they try to avoid any more involvement in foreign entanglements, but WWI engages the U.S. in European affairs, leaving AmericansRead More Analysis of â€Å"Fight Club† Essay1239 Words   |  5 Pagesmaking the viewers think outside the normal and analyze their world. Fight Club is no exception, it is a multi-layered film with many subplots and themes, but primarily it is a surrealistic description of the status of the American male at the end of the 20th century. David Flincher’s movie, Fight Club, shows how consumerism has caused the emasculation of the modern male and tells a tale of liberation from a c orporate controlled society. In the movie Tyler Durden (Brad Pitt) comments on the new wayRead More Role of the Chorus in Oedipus the King Essay1310 Words   |  6 Pages However, I will then look at how I think the Greek audience would have perceived the role of the Chorus and then how the role of the Chorus is perceived today by a 20th century and examine the key differences in the two different sets of perceptions. Finally, I will look at the importance of the role of the Chorus to a 20th century audience and a Greek audience respectively.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Chorus in the play Oedipus has three basic functions. Firstly, to act as bystanders throughout the play, observingRead MoreThe During The Mid 20th Century1657 Words   |  7 Pagesspate of transformation that started during the mid 20th century is: how can the history of the mid 1900s be construed in one, single, wholly encompassing idea? 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Cement Industry of Ethiopia Free Essays

Contact Us Mr Abdissa Adugna – Secretary General Tel: +251-11-5156144, 5506043 – Fax +251-11-5508935 P. O. Box: 12898 Addis Ababa, Ethiopia E-mail: elia@elia. We will write a custom essay sample on Cement Industry of Ethiopia or any similar topic only for you Order Now org. et aalf@elia. org. et aalf-elia@elia. org. et aalf-elia2@elia. org. et The Ethiopian Leather Industries Association (ELIA) is organizing the All-African Leather Fair (AALF) 2008 which will take place in Addis Ababa from February 20-22, 2013. It will bring together tanners, footwear and other leather goods manufacturers, equipment and technology suppliers, chemical and inputs suppliers, manpower training institutions, trade promotion organizations, etc from all over the world. African companies and organizations are expected to constitute the largest attendance. The Fair is a specialized one designed to promote the African leather industry and to enable it create an interface with its partners within the continent and around the world. It will also offer the opportunity for business persons in the industry to meet and to talk face to face and to get immediate feedback on their prospective businesses. It will enhance their access to new markets and it will also provide a comprehensive forum for increased business in leather, leather products and the allied industries notably chemicals, machinery, components and accessories. Ethiopia has a successful track record in organizing specialized leather fairs. The Meet in Africa 2004 Leather Fair was one of such Fairs which was able to draw the participation of more than 270 Ethiopian and international exhibitors and more than 3000 international visitors. Organizing of specialized leather trade fairs similar to the All-African Leather Fair (AALF) 2013 will serve as a vehicle to promote the wealth that Africa has in the sector by making a platform available where the industry can showcase its exportable items to the world market. About Us Background and Organizational History Ethiopian Leather Industries Association (ELIA) is a nonprofit trade association of the leather industries businesses. ELIA works to enhance and improve the leather industries business climate by promoting export of leather, shoes and leather goods and garment, protecting the rights of members, and assisting businesses to improve. ELIA was first founded in 1994 as the Ethiopian Tanners Association. In the year 2004 the name was changed to the Ethiopian Tanners, Footwear and Leather Products Manufacturing Association to allow footwear and leather garments and articles full participation in the Association. The name was again changed, as of January 2007 to the Ethiopian Leather Industries Association (ELIA). ELIA Incorporates Footwear, Leather Garments Goods and Tanners operating in the country. Vision To be the premier association spearheading the emergence of the Ethiopian leather industry as a key global player representative of its members who are producing and exporting first choice leather and leather products. Mission The Ethiopian Leather Industries Association (ELIA) is a trade association of leather industries interested companies. ELIA works to enhance and improve the leather industries business climate. It is a recognized and respected representative and proponent of the leather industries in Ethiopia. Principal Objectives Promote and foster the interests of the leather industry Promote cooperation among its members and establish good working relations with other stakeholders in the value chain Represent its members in ational, regional and international forums Maintaining close working relationship with the government and help in creating and sustaining enabling environment for the industry Reflect the common interests of its members in negotiations with any institutions or individuals that work support the development of the leather industry Enhance the development of high standards in industrial ethics and quality of products Coordinate industry endeavors in environmental care and protecti on Coordinate the industry’s participation in enhancing social activities such as welfare, control of HIV/AIDS, alleviating gender related problems, youth unemployment, etc. Services Advocacy with regard to the industry’s views in administrative matters Coordinate capacity building activities through training programs, panel discussions, pilot project development, etc. Provides market information to its members Coordinates international trade fair participation of members Organizes All African Leather Fair (AALF) Coordinates industry’s role in sector problems Represents the industry in partnerships with donors, counter part organizations, etc. supporting similar initiatives Values and Principles The following values and guiding principles of ELIA have been adapted: Members-centered (empowerment, solidarity, participatory, need-based, culture, etc. ) Fairness and Equality, Moral ethical integrity Transparency Accountability Good governance, independence Communication Collaboration, Gender equality Environmental consciousness Sustainability, Impact Member Profiles MEMBERS The 37 members of the Ethiopian Leather Industries Association produce a wide range of goods for buyers throughout the world, from top of the line semi-processed and finished leather, to beautiful apparel, shoes and accessories. Please contact the following companies directly for more information concerning the many leather goods and accessories available from Ethiopia. Please download the profiles here. How to cite Cement Industry of Ethiopia, Papers

Competent Leadership Approaches

Question: Discuss about theCompetent Leadership Approaches. Answer: Introduction The paradigm shift in organizational management takes a multidimensional angle with various views concerning leadership. Basically personality and individual perceptions and competences have been acclaimed as the leading factors in determining successful leadership abilities. However, different organizations hold different organizational culture in support of group tasks calling for the need of having clear chain of commands hence supporting the need of best team leaders, project managers, and communicators for efficiency and results. Leadership involves a social influence process where control is exerted by an individual over other people to structure the activities and relationships within an organization (Day Antonakis, 2012). Levels of Leadership There are three levels of leadership, team level, operational level, and strategic level. Team level leader controls a distinctive group of people ranging between 10-30 people with clearly specified task to accomplish. On the other hand, the operational level leader controls one of the major parts of an organization which has more than one team leader. Finally, in the strategic level the leader controls a whole organization with a number of operational leaders under one personal direction (Roebuck Business Expert Press, 2012). Team Leadership Model This model ideally invests on a leader-member exchange process to develop and maintain work relationships with group members. Significantly, team work spirit is on preference however tasks and responsibilities may be distributed amongst different employees. Group members enjoy a number of rewards, and trust in exchange for their loyalty and performance (Dzugan, 2013). Distinctive Features of Team Leader Approach of Governance First Impressions The leaders as well as the members of the team are able to dispose their abilities and competencies increasing trust amongst them. Such a move cultivates greater sense of belonging where each member expresses his or her views basing on ones knowledge. Basically, ideologies of the leaders under this kind of leadership are most likely to influence team members towards taking a given stand. Quality Relationships Team leaders are tasked with a responsibility of ensuring each member is heard and represented in decision making process. Each team player therefore is treated differently hence a positive contribution to quality relationship amongst members. As a matter of fact, when the leader-member exchange is high, group members become more committed to the goals of the company and maintain an effective working unity. Appealing to the Recognition Needs of Others The leader identifies individual merit behaviours and recognizes it through written, oral or material rewards. Recognition serves as a tool for motivation since it reflects on corporate values of the organization as well as helping workers to attain personal goals. It is effective to give recognition via e-mail, text message, voice mail, or paper note. Common Task Accomplishment Team members hold a similar objective therefore will be motivated towards accomplishing the goal using available resources. Personal needs are therefore integrated with task at hand creating an interactive space geared towards a common goal (Guenzi Ruta, 2013). Ideally, team leadership model allows leaders to use various styles focusing on situations at hand stressing on personal confidence and competence level. The model is structurally designed through various stages which include; creating new teams, developing the team, achieving results and sustenance of established teams. Generally, team leadership is based on four leadership styles ranging from supporting, steering, and stimulating. Stages of Team Creation Creating a Team New team seeks attention, clarity, and direction. The leaders therefore provide direction, purpose and goals to achieve. A directive approach hence plays a major role in this context. The leader in this context uses steering style to give directions however limiting over directive ideas. Developing a Team This stage is the most difficult one. Basically, the leader supports his team by collective bargaining through supporting individuals to recognize others strengths and how they can be coordinated into developmental agendas. As a way, the team resolves impending tensions for a common goal. Performing This stage aims at achieving results. Clarity in message delivery on strategies determines the success levels towards achieving the intended purpose. Basically, the leader stimulates individuals to develop on their strengths for the best output of the team. The leader prompts, encourages, and challenges individuals to excel and improve in their service delivery levels for the growth of the organization as well as individual. Sustaining Team Performance Sustaining the team demands leaders to bring together ideas, persons, opportunities, and situations. This move ensures the performance is sufficient to exist within the market dynamics despite any competitive challenges. Resource mobilization from all team players gives the organization an upper hand as far as developmental projects are concerned. Team Leader Competences Getting people to work and meet the set goals, team leaders dispose the following behavioural abilities. Setting directions and initializing actions Planning and Organizing A team leader is mandated with a responsibility to make future arrangements of the organization. Therefore, as a leader one should posses an eye of the market characteristics, competitive strategies. The leader should be proactive in generating ideas that will position the company within a speculated environment niche through realizing the needs and tests of the target audience. This will help in crisis management. Delegating Responsibilities A team leader has a responsibility to assign tasks, monitor the progress, and give credit to tasks accomplished as well as awarding the best team players. This to a broader angle serves as a motivation to employees raising their trust and competence within their work domains. The tasks should be assigned basing on personal abilities and knowledge level concerning the task at hand. This is the coordinating and controlling function of the management. Sensitivity to Needs and Individual Feelings To address sensitive needs and personal feelings, a team leader should be empathetic and be able to solve problems skilfully. Problem solving techniques such as critical thinking, analytic approach, problem evaluation, decision making, solution implementation, and outcome assessment should be incorporated within his framework (Heagney, Lewis, Amacom, 2011). The leaders should play a major role in stabilizing the organization by safeguarding its image and working in corporation with other team players. Ethical considerations such as honesty, accountability, transparency, and confidentiality are key elements of such a leader. Additionally, this kind of leader should be dynamic and incorporate others needs and concerns as far as management and decision making is concerned. Decision Making Decision making is the ability to solve problems within the organization. Team leaders therefore posses abilities to analyse problems, think logically, formulate creative ideas, cultivate a sense of reality, demonstrate good judgement skills, and generate workable solutions. Communicator Approach of Leadership Communicators have strength to make points well understood by others. The power of speech has incredible ability to persuade and guide by means of instructions, demonstrations and illustrations. As a leader, communication is the sole most important tool for exercising leadership and managerial duties that come with leadership. The communicator approach to leadership entails a constant exchange of information between all the parties under the jurisdiction of the leadership in question. Typically, leaders with great communication abilities display the following characteristics: Speak Audibly and Clearly The clarity of the message being passed across is vital in giving instructions or directions. Basically, managers who posses such a trait are able to express themselves concisely and effectively. As a leader, one is tasked with managerial functions such as controlling, coordinating, planning, staffing, and organizing. The key to meeting the stated management functions relies on the ability to communicate effectively in a way that all the key players involved understand ideologies, their positions, and tasks. Additionally, audibility and clarity of the message earns the leader credibility via their presentation. A good rapport is also established between the management, workers, and clients mounting to greater heights of trust. Listen to the Needs and Perceptions of others Leaders with communication abilities understand the need to listen to other peoples lines of thought and ideological predispositions in order to comprehend the context within which the said parties to the communication prosecute their case. Such leaders understand the needs of other people and their points of view on issues based on their articulation and not pre-existing biases. Communication savvy leaders handle the communication process as a two-way interaction between them and the other parties to the process, other than a self cantered process in which everything revolves around the leader and not everybody else. Such a leader portrays himself as a caring partner in the process rather the sole signatory to the outcome of the process in its entirety. Argue Assertively but not Aggressively. Leaders with communication abilities understand the need to communicate assertively without being overly emphatic. This allows them to retain their demeanour as leaders, while at the same time upholding their ideological anchor point. Leaders need not appear as defensive of particular ideological positions or combative in any communication event. This allows for the other parties to the process to delve deeper into unexplored perceptions or possibilities regarding the subject of discussion. Coordinate Duties Effectively. Managerial duties of leadership need to be timely and properly coordinated. Communication is invaluable for the execution of such duties and therefore, timeliness of communication events or otherwise, is undoubtedly necessary for any leader to excellently undertake his duties. Coordination is key to the smooth running of activities commissioned by any leader. This only means that understanding the underlying concept and adhering to it is a necessity. Recognize Non-Verbal Cues in Communication. Communication takes place verbally and non-verbally at any one given time. The spontaneousness of non-verbal communication only points out to the fact that one needs to be in a position to take note of such communication over and above the verbal communication with which it concurrently runs. Most of the emotional attachments to any communication are expressed non-verbally. This means that, to understand any communication fully, one needs to discern the non-verbal communication underpinning the verbal communication expressions. A leader with communication competencies will be best suited to wholesomely evaluate the context within which certain communication expressions are made and consequently, put utterances into befitting perspectives. Principles for Effective Communication Leadership Strategy Creativity Creativity is paramount in persuading any group of people through evoking their emotions and attitudes. Basically, a communicator leader aims at motivating his targets to rekindle their perceptions and energize their abilities. The influential capabilities and social confidence are ridding factors towards a successful communication strategy. Therefore the messages are designed in an impulsive manner to move the audience towards a given direction. Additionally, using incentives would create a good response towards the audience perception. As a leader, one undertakes a role to familiarize with the opinions of their target audience as well as their needs. Empathetic Approach Empathetic leaders include the needs and concerns of all the parties involved. They are supportive and considerate hence ease to get along with. Such leaders are equally concerned with others feelings. They show concern, create supportive environment, request inputs and suggestions, and ask multiple of questions. Assessing the Context Proper assessment allows leaders to determine individuals limits and possibilities. Ideally, communicators base on the cognitive and emotional ability of their subjects to influence them. The multidimensional approach based on different beliefs, values, emotions, and desires build a strong foundation to identify major interests with regards to their needs. Concisely, assessing the context helps the leaders to determine the types of battles worthy fighting and position proper messages accordingly. Equally, the leader should evaluate existing communication systems (Reynolds Curtin, 2011). This will enable the leader to familiarize with the present opportunities and constraints with regards to transmission of information that demands deep understanding of the organizational issues. To strategically handle the communication systems, the following concerns should be incorporated. The types of channels, communicational goals, type of message designs to be transmitted in the channel, and t he target audiences. Crafting the Strategy The context acts as the backdrop of a developing strategy. Having the context in place however demands that an individual works smart to have the strategy in place work. Therefore, a leader is mandated to select a communication strategy that communicates goals linked to the organizational demands as well as objectives, and financial position. On the advent of prioritizing corporate objectives, the leaders should henceforth ensure that employees understand these objectives before initiating them into the system. The objectives are translated into corporate priorities at each level of the organization. For example, reduction on production costs through retrenchment programs. Provoking Dialogue Persuasive in communication goes further into encouraging the target audience in a take-give manner to create a win-win situation to increase the credibility issues. Meaningful dialogue and discussion of proposals allows targets to bargain hence develop a strong sense of commitment towards the leaders ideas, mission, or purpose. Significantly, dialogue acts as a platform to clarify events and issues with conflicting ideologies. Naturally, employees are exposed to diversified information from multiple sources and are vulnerable to confusion or interpretation (Spaulding, 2008). Communicators give directives on confusing elements in the message to improve interpretation, information conceptualization, and cultivating right motives. Further, dialogue helps in checking the pulse to familiarize with employees thoughts and obtain feedback. Feedback could be achieved via routinely survey, pulse reports, and talking points outlining how the management thinks about a conspiring issue. Best Leadership Strategy to IBM Students Basing on the above discussions, it is evident that both the strategies are significant towards realizing organizational objectives and keeping relationships between employees. However, an IBM student would be at a better position if he or she embraced the communicators leadership approach. Communicators approach of leadership is tied to a number of advantages ranging from the following. Promoting Motivation Communicators inform and clarify issues of concerns under employees dispensation. The tasks at hand are equally done effectively specifying each workers roles and responsibilities hence minimizing conflicts. Such a move improves employees performance level according to the standards and regulations of the organization. Feedback in a way from the management helps employees to position themselves against the market and competence levels ensuring they competitively give their best. Information Circulation Information circulation within the internal and external environments is enhanced via communicator leadership approach. Free circulation of information within the organization ensures that organizational members take part in decisive role and other decision making processes. The management to a broader perspective identifies and assesses alternative course of action to be undertaken in times of crisis, hence effective for crisis management. Altering Attitudes and Behaviors Individual attitudes are molded and subject to change as a result of being well informed. Managers and leaders cultivate a positive attitude by winning the minds of the employees via effective communication strategies. Being informed is a means of building ones knowledge level and boosting the competence level. For instance, organizational magazines, journals, meetings, written, or oral communication influence employees attitudes, values, and beliefs. An Effective Interactive Tool Communicators leadership approaches help the management and the staff to fully interact and build a concrete relationship for a mutual co-existence. Workers equally coordinate, appreciate, and work as a team due to effective communication, hence a social tool. The management equally embraces cultural dynamics within its culture boosting staff participation towards meeting the objectives of the organization. Controlling Communication helps in controlling process within organizations. Basically, members behaviors are regulated in various ways. For instance, organizational rules and regulations are made known to the staff orally or written to constantly remind them of the set objectives, policies, customs, amongst other issues of concern. Hierarchical levels, principles, and guidelines that employees should steak to are spread to the staff concurrently. Competitively, employees remain objective while on call, comply with policies, perform their roles efficiently, and air out their work problems to the management for an effective cause of action by the management. Conclusion Concisely, the communicators and team leadership approaches are vital tools for the future of an organization. Stakeholders within any given market dimension should embrace the two strategies coherently to win the hearts of their target customers, investors, as well as stakeholders. An effective communication system calls for the managerial proficiency in delivery of messages. Therefore, the manager should be knowledgeable and establish setbacks hindering effective communication, analyse reasons for communication, and embrace workable procedures geared towards employee developmental agendas. References Day,D.V., Antonakis,J. (2012). The nature of leadership. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE. Dzugan,K.E. (2013). The communicator during significant change in a civil society organization. Guenzi,P., Ruta,D. (2013). Leading Teams: Tools and Techniques for Successful Team Leadership from the Sports World. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. Heagney,J., Lewis,J.P., Amacom. (2011). Fundamentals of project management. New York, NY: American Management Association. Reynolds,P.D., Curtin,R.T. (2011). New business creation: An international overview. New York: Springer. Roebuck,D.B., Business Expert Press. (2012). Communication strategies for today's managerial leader. New York, N.Y.] (222 East 46th Street: Business Expert Press. Spaulding,S. (2008). Team leadership in the game industry. Boston, MA: Course Technology, PTR/CRM.

Market Potential Essay Example

Market Potential Paper Introduction Munchy’s company is one of food company type which in variety of biscuits, wafers, cracers and cookies type. In Malaysia, the headquarters succesfully established at Johor, around 1991. The Munchy’s term was derived from the Mandarin term â€Å"Mai Oi†. †Mai† which means flour or wheat and â€Å"Oi† that refers to the magical quality found in it’s delicious wafer. Nowadays, the brands distributed all over country including Asia Pacific, Europe, Middle East, Africa, North America and Latin America to expand the networking branched. The main marketing objectives of company include making communication with customers by good promotions and expanded advertising. Otherwhile, there must be a good distribution for Munchy’s in global connection. Munchy’s always highlighted to produce with good raw material because the mission of the company is to provide fun, cheeky, yummylicious, and affordable biscuits and snacks for everybody around the world. There are several marketing strategy for Munchy’s , therefore the first point, the deep knowledge and vast experience in the biscuit-making business. Beside that, there must be invaluable insight into product development and also endless pool of resources and knowledge. The other strategy is sharing of skill and expertise with reputable brands. Products and Corresponding Target Markets Market demographics can be classified to 3 factors which is geografic factor, demografic factor and seasonal factor. For geografic factor, not all the country in the world would accept and like food product like biscuit and wafer because their staple food is from difference kind of resourses. We will write a custom essay sample on Market Potential specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Market Potential specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Market Potential specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer For example staple food of Asians majority on rice while certain country the staple food is tapioca. Demografic factor, this product is for all children and also for teenager and adults. Children is the highest consumer than the others. From other sight,the consumer consist from high income because biscuit it available in small quantity and cheap, rather than low income. There is a special biscuit for baby for their food sources. Seasonal factor,biscuit and wafer are most demand in a party or as a present for an even, sometimes this food become popular because of the promotion by consumer who had ate this food. Market Growth As the company embraces innovation and continuous improvement, Munchy’s has received numerous awards. With already a strong presence in Malaysia, Munchy’s continues to raise the bar by constantly strengthening their product appeal and market network in Asia and around the world. To achieve this, the company is regularly brand building through their numerous innovations and new products. So far, the results have been overwhelming, with warm support from loyal consumers. The most recent example of their commitment to continuous improvement and innovation is the installation of three new lines that are custom-designed and are valued at an estimated RM 50 million. This brings Munchy’s total investment in its manufacturing and warehousing facilities to over RM 200 million since 1996. * New Products With the constant line-up of new products and product innovation constantly introduced to the market, Munchy’s has become synonymous with innovation. Their most recent offering was launched in response to the current trend and desire for healthy snacks. Filled with healthy and scrumptious fruit, oats, and more, the Oat Krunch makes a delectable, healthy biscuit that one will reach out for anytime of the day. Munchy’s also launched the irresistible Captain Munch in the second quarter of 2009. The biscuit is targeted at teenagers and kids, and is also enriched with Energy Plus that contains Vitamins B1, B2, B3, B6 and B12. This makes Captain Munch a source of vitamin and nutrition, as well as the perfect nutritious health snack solution for smart and active kids and teens. These recent additions – Oat Krunch and Captain Munch reinforce Munchy’s commitment to providing more great-tasting snacks that help consumers strike a healthy balance in their daily lives. Market Demografics Market demografics can be classifed to 3 factors which is geografic factor, demografic factor, seasonal factor. Geografic factor Not all the country in the world would accept and like food product like biscuit and wafer because their staple food is from difference kind of resourses. Demografic factor This product is for all children and also for teenager and adults. Children is the highest consumer than the others. The consumer consist from no limit income because biscuit it available in small quantity and cheap. There is a special biscuit for baby for their food. Seasonal factor Biscuit and wafer are most demand in a party or as a present for an even. Sometimes this food become popular because of the promotion by consumer who had ate this food. Marketing Mix * Product Munchy’s boasts a great range of portfolio that includes biscuits, wafers and wafer sticks. With the commitment to have facilities of the highest quality in order to achieve the best product quality, the company has invested in fully-integrated conveyer system to state-of-the-art warehouses. This includes two wafer plants, four biscuit plants and four wafer-stick machines with 16 production lines – which allow Munchy’s to have maximum production capacity of 5,000 tonnes upwards per month. Today, Munchy’s carries more than 70 products, including wafer cubes, crackers, assorted biscuits, wafer rolls, wafer sticks (coated and uncoated), sandwich biscuits, cookies and plain sweet biscuits. The evergreen favourites are: * Calcium / Sugar / Cream / Vege / LiteCream * Crackers * Marie Biscuits * Gigabite Wafer Rolls * Munchini, Yosss Speed Wafer Sticks * Funmix and Topmix Assorted Biscuits * Lexus Sandwich Crackers * Muzic Nuss Wafer Cubes * Mini Sandwich Biscuits Brand Values The company’s positioning of ‘colouring moments with cheeky fun’ is reflected in all their activities, both internal and external. This can be seen from products, work premises and right down to corporate culture. With a strong elief that they are set apart from the rest, this differentiation has been the cornerstone of their success. An example of this was in 1993, when the company realised the importance of brand positioning and differentiation, and came up with the name ‘Munchy’s’, derived from the mandarin term ‘Mai Qi’. ‘Mai’, which means flour or wheat, and ‘Qi’, which means amazing and magical, refer to the high quality of wafers made from only the finest ingredients. The very first product under their brand name was ‘Yesss’, which was subsequently, renamed ‘Yosss’. Today, Munchy’s is a household name in the 60 countries to which it exports and plans for expanding their market share are already in place. With a continuous increase in its branding activities, the Munchy’s brand promises to achieve the company’s vision of being the leading world-class brand in all its markets, sooner than expected. * Place Munchy’s has located in 60 countries around the world. Their marketing and distribution offices number 12 throughout Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand, and the company also represents their own and third party brands. Price The price for biscuit is affodable for all kind of consumer. Moreover, the high standard packaging and quality taste. * Promotion Munchy’s believes in strong and effective brandbuilding, and achieves this through its strategic consumer-led promotions. These are focused through integrated through the-line activation including Above-The-Line and Below-The-Line channels, as well as internet mark eting. These promotions are based on relevant consumer and customer insight, grounded by the big creative idea as its bedrock for engaging communication. Besides thematic and tactical campaigns that are carried out on a monthly and quarterly basis, one of Munchy’s key drivers in brand building is its rship role. Munchy’s is a big player and firm believer in sponsorship platform – as one of its key drivers in brand building. Munchy’s has been the proud sponsor of major concerts organised by top concert and event organisers, television and radio stations. More recently, Munchy’s sponsored the Miss Chinese Cosmos Southeast Asia Pageant, and even created its very own title – Miss Munchy’s Fun Fit – in line with the launch of its latest health range – Oat Krunch. Today, with sponsorships that help garner increased mileage for Munchy’s, the brand image is easily recognisable as one that offers high quality products. Despite these successes that have been achieved in an amazingly short period, Munchy’s has never forgotten to give back to society. As part of its business journey, Corporate Social Responsibility has been one of its top priorities from day one and will continue to be so indefinitely. Market Summary Since it was establish several decade ago, biscuit now became acceptable by all level age of consumer. It was the first time produce when their test market received positive feedback from public. The demand for junk food and instant food are now increase. It is develop from small production in tradititonal method and then it grew up from years to years with the help of technology. Biscuit is the product that replace other junk food or instant food which gave less and lack nutritional value. High nutritional value help our body to maintain in health and avoid from disease by taking too much junk food. In Malaysia, one of the company that produce the biscuit Munchy’s. Munchy’s arrival marked their transformation into fun products. Operating with a mission to â€Å"fill all homes the world over with funeating Munchy’s snacks†, the company has grown to be the Number One home-grown wafer producer and Number Two biscuit producer in Malaysia, both in terms of volume and value. Additionally, today Munchy’s is known as Malaysia’s Number One home-grown biscuit brand. Munchy’s today boasts state of the art manufacturing and warehousing facilities that cover more than 400,000 square feet in Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia. Their products can be found in approximately 60 countries around the world making it the fastest growing Malaysian biscuit manufacturer with over 1,300 employees. Their marketing and distribution offices number 12 throughout Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand, and the company also represents their own and third party brands. BrandLaureate Awards in the past three years. It also made it to the Malaysia Book of Records for ‘Largest Wafer Manufacturer’ in 2006.

Swot Walt Disney Essays

Swot Walt Disney Essays Swot Walt Disney Essay Swot Walt Disney Essay Essay Topic: Treasure Island The Walt Disney Company was founded in as a cartoon studio in 1923. Walter Elias Disney, founder of the Walt Disney Company, was a pioneer in the development of animation as an industry. Disney is one of the most famous names in the animation industry, known for providing entertainment directed to adults and children alike; with international theme parks and a world-class animation studio and business franchise, the company nearly dominates the industry. Famous names such as Mickey Mouse began with Disney, and were the foundation of a company that has now branched out into several entertainment studios, theme parks, products, and other media productions. The Walt Disney company has a prestigous history in the entertainment industry, stretching over 75 years. It started on October 16, 1923 as the Disney Brothers Cartoon Studio, a joint venture of Walt Disney and his brother, Roy. Three years later the company had produced two movies and purchased a studio in Hollywood, Calfiornia. Pitfalls in distribution rights nearly sank Walt and his company, but the creation of Mickey Mouse saved a sinking ship. By 1932, the Disney Company won its first Academy Award for Best Cartoon, for the Silly Symphony. 1934 marked the production of Disneys first full-length feature film,  Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, which released in 1937 and became the highest grossing film of its time. But afterwards, the expenses of production caused difficulties with the next few animated films; then the advent of World War II halted the production of films as the Walt Disney company contributed its skills to the war effort. After the war it was difficult for the company to pick up where it had left off, but 1950 proved a turning point with the production of its first live-action film,  Treasure Island  and another animated film,  Cinderella. In that time period, Disney also began several television series; in 1955, The Mickey Mouse Club also made its debut. 1955 also provided another landmark moment: the opening of the first California Disney theme park, Disneyland. Disney continued its rise in popularity, and survived even the death of its founder in 1966. His brother Roy took over supervision at that time, and then was succeeded by an executive team in 1971. Several more projects, from merchandising to the continuing production of animated and live-action films to the construction of more theme parks filled the years; in 1983, Disney went international with the opening of Tokyo Disneyland. In the past few decades, Disney has moved into a wider market, beginning The Disney Channel on cable and establishing subdivisions such as Touchstone Pictures to produce films other than the usual family-oriented fare, gaining a firmer footing on a broader range. In the 1970s and 1980s, the company suffered from takeover attempts, but eventually recovered; the recruiting of the current chairman, Michael D. Eisner, was crucial to that. Eisner and executive parnter Frank Wells have been a successful team, leading Disney to continue its tradition of excellence into a new century. Strenghts: The Walt Disney Companys main strength is in its resources, its experience in the business, and its low-cost strategy. Besides, the company has developed clearly a very strong and well known brand-name through many years. The company has also been able to diversify its operations and products to hedge against decreasing sales in product lines. In recent years, it has categorized into Home Video, Film, merchandise, Radio broadcasting, Net-work television and in theme parks. It has also effectively diversified globally its operations from USA to Japan and Europe. The main strengths in internal resources relate to human resources and financial stability. Employees in the Walt Disney Company studies appear to be extremely creative and they have produced several box-office productions in these recent years. A company without new ideas is bounded in todays competitive business environment. However, the low-cost-corporate-strategy is a benefit for the company. The company can control costs, and still produce quality goods and services. Financial risks have been minimized by sharing initial investment costs with a maximum number of outside participants. 1. It is the largest media and entertainment company in the world. 2. It has become one of the biggest Hollywood studios. 3. Disney Company owns 11 theme parks and several channels. 4. Disney employees 150,000 people. 5. Innovative ideas 6. Global standardization . It is among the popular brand names in the world. 8. It has well established divisions Walt Disney Studio Entertainment, Disney-ABC Television Group, Disney Interactive Media Group, Disney Consumer Products, Walt Disney Parks and Resorts, Disney Interactive Studios. 9. Increasing trends in overall revenues and profits. 10. Disney holds US$ 62. 497 billion of assets. 11. Popular c haracters 12. High brand awareness among the people. 13. Differentiation 14. The Walt Disney logo is famous. 15. Walt Disney was ranked 8th in the Top 100 Global Brands. Weaknesses Corporations always have internal weaknesses. The Walt Disney Companys main weaknesses are the following: A very large work load, often changes in top-management, and high overhead expenditures. The company has 58,000 employees in 1991. This fact represents possible communications problems, and a high bureaucracy level through the corporation. The companys work load will increase even larger, and the organizational structure has to be able to support an extension of the work load by varying into more businesses and niches. The company has a very frequently changes and its corporate officers makes the corporate structure even more difficult. There are many positive things that often changes, but the changes are also associated with resistance, and high expenses. 1. High operating cost 2. Frequent change in top management 3. The $1. 8 Billion park have only 16 attractions. 4. Religious welfare group protest against the release of material which was found offensive by many people. 5. Poor working conditions in factories that produce their merchandise. 6. Disney was also criticized by animal welfare group for their caring procedure for animals at Disney Animal Kingdom theme Park. 7. Poor management. 8. Disney has been blamed of having sexual implication or references concealed in some of their animated movies,  including The Lion King, The Little Mermaid, Aladdin, Who Framed Roger Rabbit, and Disney original releases of The   Rescuers. 9. High investment with high risk involved. 10. Continuous innovative ideas are required to retain the attention of customers. 11. Limited range of target audience mainly Children. Opportunities External opportunities should be recognized, analyzed, and responded to in a very early stage. The Walt Disney Company is facing several external opportunities. However, the external threats facing the company are out-numbering the opportunities. Opportunities include the following; positive government attitudes towards its operations, barriers of entry are significant, and include the entertainment industry itself. Legal and legislative forces are usually identified as negative external factors to the company. Furthermore, the French government contributed greatly in the Euro Disneyworld project in the Walt Disney Company’s case. The French government invested in the project to built communication facilities, and gave the Walt Disney Company tax reliefs on cost of goods sold accounts. In addition, since the barriers of entry into the highly specialized industry in which the Walt Disney Company is still operating, competition will find it difficult to penetrate the companys highly diversified product or service mix. Therefore, large initial capital investments are required to enter the industry accordingly. 1. Move into different segments 2. Proper inventory management 3. Market development in untapped countries. 4. Reduction in operating costs. 5. Disney music channel 6. Benchmarking to improve management practices. 7. Disney school of management and training 8. Online Websites 9. Develop more attractions for theme park. Threats Major threats to the Walt Disney Company include the following; Over saturated markets, politics and economic aspects from a global perspective, and foreign competition. As the supply of products and services in the entertainment industry is starting to saturate the markets, competition will be more exciting, and only the most powerful companies will be able to survive finally. The Walt Disney Company has leveraged this risk to a certain level as it has diversified and globalized its operations, but still, the company is in the service/entertainment business. The Cable-giants such as Turner Broadcasting Systems (TBS) may not be able to manage the stress on its operation such as the Network-television division. 1. Security Threats due to terrorism 2. Employee retention 3. High competition in Media Industry. 4. Facing fierce competition from Paramount Parks, News Corporation, CBS, Time-Warner, Universal Studios and Six Flags Theme Parks. . Social and ethnic groups. 6. Government policies 7. High demanding market in terms of innovation. 8. Increasing salaries and labor cost. 9. Recession 10. Maintain product differentiation. 11. Tight competition in national and international markets. 12. Searching, paying and retaining innovative people. 13. Piracy Strategies The Walt Disney Companys corporate level strategy is based on a horizontal and scattered informal man agement approach. Ideas are born within the departments and are processed throughout the low hierarchy relatively from the final decisions. The management is placed on group creativity and in teamwork. For example, the most creative employees usually met the target in the purpose of generate with new ideas and new business strategies. As seen in this example, a large emphasis is focused on employee participation, especially on the most talented employees. Furthermore, the company is always refreshing its top management with new executives. Top-flight managers from the entertainment corporation and the financial business think new ideas and concepts which can be applied in the Walt Disney Company. There is however a significant increase in expense attached to attracting the very best to join the company. This increase in expense is related to special perk-packages directly, higher bonuses and escalated salaries that are offered to the top-executives. Another interesting strategy is the focal point that is focused on enhancement of the business. The corporate policy is to grow slowly instead of impress others. It is important for the company to meet demand with a sufficient supply of goods and/or services. It can be accomplished by effective distribution channels and marketing department. This leads us to another corporate policy, efficiency and suppression. Recently, movie industry trend towards increase in costs rapidly, it have a direct effect on the profitability of the company. By reducing the costs involved in making and marketing Disney films, it is cheaper and more profitable movies can be produced. Efficiency enforced by tight budgets and expected high returns, Disney must be able to produce more efficiency and cheaper than its competition. In addition, the corporate strategy is clearly focusing on diversifying its products and services. The expansion overseas rapidly and an increase in the product and service mix have created an umbrella effect. Thus, risks have been reduced and minimized. If one product line fails, other product lines have to cover for its losses. The Walt Disney Company is able to produce more and more products to the others countries which do not have Disneyland. Instead of going toward the countries that have Disneyland, the customers also can buy the Disney products in their own countries.

Chicago Referencing †4 Things You Should Know

Chicago Referencing – 4 Things You Should Know Chicago Referencing – 4 Things You Should Know Chicago referencing is a flexible system for citing sources in academic writing. If it’s your colleges chosen system or you’re writing a paper for a journal, knowing how to use Chicago referencing is vital. Before you set to work, though, there are a few things you should know. 1. The Chicago Manual of Style Chicago referencing is set out in The Chicago Manual of Style. The 16th edition of this was released in 2010 and includes details on every aspect of editorial practice, from grammar to formatting. In the U.S., The Chicago Manual of Style is commonly used by publications in the social and human sciences. However, if your college simply specifies â€Å"Chicago referencing,† it’s only the rules for citing sources that you need to worry about. 2. One Manual, Two Styles Chicago referencing can be a little confusing because it incorporates two citation styles: author-date citations and a footnote and bibliography version. Author-date citations use a style similar to APA referencing, with the author’s surname, year of publication and (if relevant) page numbers given in brackets: The New World was colonized around 11,000 B.C. (Diamond 1997, 67). This is accompanied by full publication detail in a reference list. The footnote and bibliography system, meanwhile, cites sources with superscript numbers (e.g., 1, 2, 3) in the main text. You can then give source information in footnotes (as well as in a bibliography). The first footnote for the source named above, for example, would appear as: 1. Jared Diamond, Guns, Germs Steel: A Short History of Everybody for the Last 13,000 Years (London: Vintage, 1997), 67. The fact there are two citation styles within Chicago referencing makes it crucial to check your style guide before you start writing. 3. Subsequent Citations If you’re using the author-date system, citing the same source more than once simply requires giving the author’s name and year of publication each time. With the footnote and bibliography system, however, you can shorten subsequent citations of the same source. For consecutive citations, you can use the Latin term â€Å"Ibid.† For nonconsecutive citations, give the author’s surname, a shortened title and relevant page numbers: 1. Jared Diamond, Guns, Germs Steel: A Short History of Everybody for the Last 13,000 Years (London: Vintage, 1997), 67. 2. Ibid., 112. 3. Derek Author, A Different Book, (New York: Publisher Inc., 2005), 45. 4. Diamond, Guns, Germs Steel, 23. 4. Reference List/Bibliography The two citation systems covered by Chicago referencing use a similar format for creating a reference list/bibliography, but there are differences. The information required for a book in a reference list when using the author-date system is: Author Surname, First Name. Year. Title. City of Publication: Publisher. With the footnote and bibliography system, on the other hand, publication information should be presented as follows: Author Surname, First Name. Title. City of Publication: Publisher, Year.

Achieving Food Security in Saudi Arabia with Sustainable Foreign Research Paper

Achieving Food Security in Saudi Arabia with Sustainable Foreign Direct Investment - Research Paper Example The climate of the country is very hot dry in summer and mild cold in winter. The country is blessed to have the biggest oil reserve in on earth, offering its citizens high living standards to enjoy a comfortable living. Nevertheless, the water resources in the country are insignificant making it very hard to the government to be independent in agriculture particularly with the fast population increase. As Saudi Arabia was always relies on imported food, it is untrustworthy particularly with today’s politics between laws and countries. In addition, Saudi Arabia cannot spend in local agriculture because of water shortages. Therefore, Saudi Arabia sought to put their funds in foreign nations for agriculture. A lot of these investments in deprived nations are not sustainable because of extreme poverty, bad infrastructure and political unsteadiness in some nations particularly in Africa which can put Saudi’s agricultural investment at a high risk. This study is rooted in pr evious analysis and studies, which were carried out in the field of food security in Saudi Arabia through looking at significant academic resources on the topic of FDI, and some cases concerning agricultural investments in deprived nations, which specified on the matter of neo-colonialism and land grabbing. This article investigates agricultural investments overseas and its objective to make agricultural investments further sustainable. It can be used by agricultural bodies and investors to evaluate the risk of FDI in agriculture and also give solutions concerning sustainability to grant food security. This article is split into eight parts. First, it will talk about the global food crisis. Secondly, it will talk about the food security in Saudi Arabia. Thirdly, it will talk about the concept of FDI and its uses on agriculture. Fourthly, it will talk about the challenges of FDIs. Fifth, it will discuss Neocoloniasm and then the Negative aspects of FDI. Finally, it will give the reco mmendations as per the findings along with the conclusion. Global Food Security Over one billion individuals, almost a sixth of the globe’s populace, suffer from chronic (severe) hunger (Heady & Fan, 2010). It is a disaster with devastating and extensive effects. Lack of food weakens the immune system and also slows down a child’s development. 50% of all cases of children’s death are caused by hunger (Heady & Fan, 2010). Under nutrition, as well as chronic hunger, mainly arises from widespread poverty. Individuals who are poor cannot afford to buy food. Hungry households use more than half of their income to purchase the food they require to survive with. Food cannot travel from excess to shortage areas across and within a country due to barriers at the border, poor roads, as well as checkpoints along the way (Heady & Fan, 2010). Without adequate food, grownups struggle to work and children, on the other hand, endeavor to learn, making sustainable financial deve lopment tough to attain. The global society normally uses the phrase "food security" to explain not just the availability of food, but also the capability of purchasing food. Food security refers to having a dependable source of food and adequate resources to buy it. A family is regarded to be food-secured when its members do not live in fear of starvation or hunger. Guarantying worldwide food security will only become more complex in the future as the need for food is projected to go up by 50% over the next two decades (Heady &

Issues Related To The Auditor Independence Research Paper

Issues Related To The Auditor Independence - Research Paper Example Self-review threats also present threats to independence while advocacy threats may present unbiased opinions on the financial position of the firm. Intimidation threats such as coercion the owners of the firm will hinder the independence of the auditor. Auditor’s independence must be about integrity, objectivity, and skepticism (Basu, 2009). The auditor is expected to monitor the integrity of the financial statements, review the internal financial controls, review the effectiveness of the internal audit department, and provide non-audit services while considering the ethical guidelines concerning the auditor’s work. Rotation of audit staff and partners will safeguard the familiarity threat and minimize self-interest threats to independence (Flood, 2012). In order to maintain independence, the auditors are required by law o maintain integrity, competence, objectivity, performance, and courtesy. The auditor must safeguard himself or herself from self-interest threats by abstaining from any direct or indirect financial interest in the audit work (Flood, 2012). The auditor should not take any loan, the guarantee of a loan from the client, or engage in undue dependence on the total fees paid by the client. ... In this case, the auditor should not be a promoter of the shares or securities of the client and should not act in litigation or solving of disputes with third parties. The auditors must avoid the familiarity threats and observe ethical guidelines that prohibit conflicts of interests such as abstaining from engaging in audit work if the client is a close family member (Adelopo, 2012). The auditor must not accept any hospitality or gifts from the client, the directors or employees of the client (Basu, 2009). Auditors may face intimidation threats such as the threat of replacement due to disagreements on certain accounting principle, dominant personality of senior management, and pressures to reduce the amount of audit work in order to reduce the audit fees.

Land of Bondage, Land of the Free

Land of Bondage, Land of the Free Essay The tao does not come here tonight to be judged, but to judge, Hear then his accusations and his sentiments. I indict the Spanish encomendero for inventing taxes impossible to bear. I indict the usurer for saddling me with debts impossible to pay. I indict the irresponsible radical leaders who undermine with insidious eloquence the confidence of my kind in the government. You accuse me of not supporting my family. Free me from bondage and I shall prove you false. You accuse me of ignorance. But I am ignorant because my master finds it profitable to keep me ignorant. Free me from bondage and I shall prove you false. You accuse me of indolence. But I am indolent, not because I have no will, but because I have no hope. Why should I labor if all the fruits of my labor go to pay an unpayable debt? Free me from bondage and I shall prove you false. Give me land. Land to own, land unbeholden to any tyrant, land that will be free. Give me land for I am starving. Give me land that my children may not die. Sell it to me. Sell it to me at fair price – as one free man sells to another – and not as a usurer sells to a slave. I am poor, but I will pay for it. I will work, work, until I fall from weariness for my privilege, my inalienable right to be free. But if you will not grant me this last request, this ultimate demand, then build a wall around your house. Build it high, build it strong. Place a sentry on every parapet. For I, who have been silent there three hundred years, will come in the night when you are feasting – with my cry and my bolo at your door – And may God have mercy on your soul!

A Cosmopolitan Girl Essay -- Self Image Media Essays

A Cosmopolitan Girl Determined, realistic, and self-confident are not words that I hold to a specific gender. That might be the difference between someone who was born in generation x and the baby boomers and earlier. According to society these few words are associated with the male gender, since most of society that is able to determine what is and what is not acceptable are older we are labeled as a whole to have come to these conclusions. Perhaps June Jordan, the writer of Memo: 1980 knew something that the rest of society did not. And it might be that her revolutionized way of thinking was foreshadowing on what was to come. Hopefully through out my analyzing and explication I can come to what Jordan was trying to get across to us the readers. And if not I will have my own opinion on what Memo: 1980 means and that is what poetry is all about for the reader come to their own conclusions of what they have read, and hopefully have developed more analytical skills. The opening three lines of June Jordans Memo: 1980 When I hear some women say she has finally decided you can spend time with other women. I wonder what she means: her mother? My mother? (Jordan pg. 158 lines 1-4) Leads me to believe the writer is referring to the jealousy women seem to have towards one another. Women say it is not jealousy, but then why is it women make awful assumptions about other women before knowing their first names or hearing a hello out of their mouths. Women tend to assume that other women are fake, annoying, and even to the extent that these other women are trying to take ones place. Women who deny these actions are lying, because we all do it. June Jordan also backs this up with the line Ive always despised my women friends.(line 5) ... ...not loser her place in society. Meaning that she knew women had higher roles than playing follow the leader. She did not want the influence of other people to changer her own ideas. Yes, it might have been lonely being a cosmopolitan girl at the time because many people were not open to her ideas of being an individual, but at least she had her own stand in the world. I highly believe that Jordan wrote this for herself as a reminder, but maybe she also was writing it for other women who had the same ideas as her but were to intimidated by the opposite gender to say anything, or maybe even men, to let them know that they are not the all mighty high and powerful ones and that things were soon going to change. Works Cited Jordan, June. Memo: 1980 Literature Reading and Writing The Human Experience. Donna Erickson. New York: St. Martins Press, 1998. Page 158.

Oil Company Must Decide Whether or Not to Drill

An oil company must decide whether or not to drill an oil well in a particular area that they already own. The decision maker (DM) believes that the area could be dry , reasonably good or a bonanza. See data in the table which shows the gross revenues for the oil well that is found. Decision Dry (D) ReasonablyBonanza(B) good(G) Drill $0 $85 $200 m Abandon $0 $0 $0 Probability 0. 3 0. 3 0. 4 Drilling costs 40M. The company can take a series of seismic soundings ( at a cost of 12M) to determine the underlying geological structure.The results will be either â€Å"no structure†, â€Å"open structure or â€Å"closed structure†. The reliability of the testing company is as follows that is, this reflects their historical performance. Note that if the test result is â€Å"no structure† the company can sell the land to a developer for 50 m, otherwise (for the other results) it can abandon the drilling idea at no benefit to itself. . Conditional Probability for a given st ate of nature Seismic Results Dry(d) Reasonably good(g) Bonanza(b)No structure(N) 0. 7 0. 3 0. 1 Open(O) 0. 2 0. 3 0. 4 Closed (C ) 0. 10. 4 0. 5 That is P (N/D) =0. 7; P (O/G) =0. 3, P(C/B) =0. 5 After you have computed the revised probabilities round to two decimal places a) Construct the appropriate decision tree to help the oil company make the appropriate decisions. This tree must be constructed in logical order with labels and net payoffs. It also includes the revised probabilities ) Fold back the decision tree) to determine the best strategy for the company; you must state this strategy . What is the final expected profit? c) What is the expected value of sample information(EVSI)- the most that should be paid to seismic testing firm for the test? d) Calculate the expected value of perfect information (EVPI)- the most that should be paid to an expert for perfect prediction of the uncertain outcomes e) What is the efficiency of sample information

Marketing homework word

Western is a loyal customer of Egan for 63 years. It was the more important customer. But, these last few years, because of the financial crisis in the European Union, and here more precisely in the United Kingdom, Western company has only half of the normal activity. That decreasing amount of work implies financial issues, and Egan is loosing money when they work with Western.Before evaluations the relevance to continue business with Western, we must sake into account that a loyal customer is a relationship very hard to build in the business world, and It can take several years to find and to build a loyal relationship with a new customer. We have to split the responsibilities of the bad economic situation of the company between Westerly's faults and environment's faults. Taking a decision about an old loyal customer means to be sure that all the details of the strategies of the two companies have been understood.Egan & Sons is not a company with a good economic situation in long te rm because its strategy has a robber because the administration of the society is too traditional. These problems were highlighted by the emergence of new competitors. If Egan wants to be shown like an interesting society in long terms benefits, they will have to adapt their strategy to all the recent changes. The external environment are also Important to consider If we want to have a precise idea of the responsibilities of this situation.Egan has to do something because several extern competitors threaten the society benefits. Indeed, Chinese impasses highlighted the lack of adaptability of the firm. Furthermore, the external environment in united Kingdom is really bleak and businesses are slowing or falling down. This environment can explain a part of the economic problems of Western, but that doesn't excuse all of the bad issues of this company. The external environment, the financial crisis, the increasing of the competition, raise an other important obstacle for the future of the firm Egan without Western.Indeed, If this Important and loyal customer Is dropped, that will be really official to find a trustful and loyal supplier with a good financial situation. Egan will have to decrease Its production if they want to avoid that the costs become higher than the revenues. One or two months. The negotiations with Western must treat of the strategy of the firm. Tommy should explain clearly the situation of the relationship between the two companies and state that or Steve and Western radically change their strategy or they will no longer be a customer of Egan. Even if they change their strategy, decisions will make a long mime to have some effects.On the loyalty ladder, Western is on the top of the loyal customers. Egan has to change the type of customer of Western. Before, Western was a privileged customer with special benefits but with the current situation, it cannot continue anymore. Western must become a discount customer with less advantages in order to balance the losses and the benefits of the two companies. That will be a problem for Western because they have already financial problems and if they become Just a discount customer of one of their best appliers, their profitability will be really affected.The administration will have, after the change of strategy, to change the organization in order to create short term benefits. A reconstruction of the firm must be studied and an audit of all the suppliers and customers must be done so the costs will be minimized and the products standardized. It is highly recommended that Tommy waits to see the effects of all the different effects of the changes on long term, strategy, and on short term, organization, before to drop this customer.

My Childhood essays

My Childhood essays The experiences of my past are undeniable. It goes without saying that my childhood was more than just a learning experience. These are my greatest memories! This is an essay is not only on my childhood but also about the lessons I have learned throughout my childhood. At the age of 3 or so, my mom and dad moved to the states. My mother, originally from Germany, brought us overseas due to my father who was in the United States Army. I can not tell you what his rank was or pretty much any other detail about him because I honestly do not recall anything of the sort. I remember that at one point and time we lived in Colorado Springs, Colorado. My sisters and I would play outside constantly more than likely because we had a tendency to drive our parents crazy with our wild and rambunctious nature. I recall we would run around in the yard jumping as high as we possible could trying so hard to catch the huge balloons that would float above us. As far as we could tell they were coaxing us begging for our attention! We were willing to give that attention struggling with our minds trying to find some way to get them down. The harder we tried the easier is seemed we were able to fail on that specific attempt. It seemed as though just as we had moved to thi s glorious land we were being forced to move. Feeling as though we had been given the worst punishment in the world, we packed up our possessions and moved away. This landed us into the great land of Truth or Consequences, New Mexico. I really remember that city more than others that we had lived in. This is where the evil turkey once lived. I dreaded every day that I had to come face to face with this demonic animal. I would go outside to play and of course my picking on this bird that was four times my size really did not help matters. He would run after me pecking my clothes looking for god knows what and of course I would curl up into a ball begging it to leave...

Alvin Ailey Contextualisation Essay Example for Free

Alvin Ailey Contextualisation Essay Ailey used his culture and many childhood memories to base his choreography on. Church and worship played a huge role in the lives of black Americans and was the center of Ailey’s community. â€Å"The exuberance and poignancy of the black experience are well served in Ailey’s splendid. â€Å"The church was always very important, very theatrical, very intense. The life that went on there and the music made a great impression on me. † (A. P Bailey 1997 pg. 8) He grew up in Texas in the 1930s with both racial segregation and the economy being big problems of the time. â€Å"Black lives were as peaceful and secure as racism and poverty would allow. (Dunning, 1996) â€Å"In those days black people were forced into certain sections of the town†¦you couldn’t buy a house in other sections of the town, so you had to go to schools that were essentially segregated’’. In spite of the miserable living conditions   Ailey’s community and others alike were joyful in church and the drew drop inn which was where all the adults used to go on Saturday nights to dance to the blaring juke box. The dew drop inn was a rough place to be. My mother was in there, and everybody was doing what they considered to be the nasty dances†¦many of the same people who went to dew drop inn on a Saturday night went to church on a Sunday morning. In dance I deal with these two very different worlds: Blues suite and revelations. † (A. P Bailey 1997 pg23) At the age of 12 Ailey joined his mother in Los Angeles where she was to work as cleaner for a wealthy white family â€Å"I remember very well seeing my mother on her knees scrubbing these white folks’ rooms and halls. That image is in my ballet cry† (A. P Bailey 1997pg32) Here he experienced the theatre and heard the music of Duke Ellington for the first time, who’s music he later came to create a total of 14 dances to. Including The River’ â€Å"The River is a legendary collaboration between Ailey and Ellington†¦ was Ellington’s first symphonic score written specifically for dance†¦The legendary and highly acclaimed collaboration mirrors together the art forms beautifully. (http://www. exploredance. com/article. htm? id=1635) Creations of Two Masterful Artists, Alvin Ailey and Duke Ellington by Amber Henrie December 28, 2006. It was not until the 1940s that Ailey took a serious interest in dance, seeing the Dunham Company perform excited him in a way that nothing ever had before. Proving it to be a transcendent experience for him, he felt a connection with her and her dancers and was ‘lifted into another realm. I couldn’t believe there were black people on a legitimate stage†¦before largely white audiences†¦doing afro-Caribbean. Lester Horton not only inspired Ailey with his stylized technique and incredibly expressive movement but also in the way he offered his students a ‘complete education’ teaching them how to participate in all aspects of production from lighting and reading music to choosing the correct fabric for performances â€Å"He knew every fabric in the world and was extremely knowledgeable about color, design, dyeing and tailoring†¦I am still guided by Lester’s insistence that costumes must be made from extraordinary fabric† (A.P Bailey 1997 pg. 63) The Horton Technique focus’ on movements that lengthen the spine and the hamstring muscles with flat backs, lateral stretches, descending and ascending from the floor into horizontal positions, release swings, leg swings and deep lunges all of which appear in Ailey’s works regularly. Lester Horton has proved to be Ailey’s biggest influence; the similarities between the 2 choreographers are due to Ailey’s awe of Horton, his works and his attitude. As he just as Martha Graham had, had a mixed racial company â€Å"He realized that you have to use the best dancers regardless of color† (A. P Bailey 1997 Pg. 60) All of the above stylistic features are seen in works of Ailey’s such as Revelations, Cry and Witness to name a few. Each using deep plies and stunning lines to create interesting and meaningful viewing, using a combination of modern dance with jazz and classical ballet. Each with a meaning and a message to its audiences worldwide. Ailey (cited by De Frantz) said From his roots as a slave, the American Negro – sometimes sorrowing, sometimes jubilant, but always hopeful – has created a legacy†¦ which have touched, illuminated and influenced the most remote preserves of world civilisation†¦ We bring you the exuberance of jazz, the ecstasy of his spirituals and the dark rapture of his blues. † Yet while Ailey drew lots of his choreography from his ‘blood memories’ he did create plot less works too, making more use of ballet technique which can be seen in Streams. After Lester Horton’s death, Ailey founded his own company and had great success that still lives to this day; he and his company toured worldwide and were awarded with numerous honours before settling In New York. Yet Thomas F DeFrantz (2004) said the unasked question, implicit in dozens of feature articles and reviews, seemed to be: how could a gay black man from dirt-poor. Rural, depression-era Texas, with limited dance training and no college degree found and run the most successful modern dance company in the idiom’s history? Alvin Ailey Contextualisation. (2018, Nov 07).

Alvin Ailey Contextualisation Essay Example for Free

Alvin Ailey Contextualisation Essay Ailey used his culture and many childhood memories to base his choreography on. Church and worship played a huge role in the lives of black Americans and was the center of Ailey’s community. â€Å"The exuberance and poignancy of the black experience are well served in Ailey’s splendid. â€Å"The church was always very important, very theatrical, very intense. The life that went on there and the music made a great impression on me. † (A. P Bailey 1997 pg. 8) He grew up in Texas in the 1930s with both racial segregation and the economy being big problems of the time. â€Å"Black lives were as peaceful and secure as racism and poverty would allow. (Dunning, 1996) â€Å"In those days black people were forced into certain sections of the town†¦you couldn’t buy a house in other sections of the town, so you had to go to schools that were essentially segregated’’. In spite of the miserable living conditions   Ailey’s community and others alike were joyful in church and the drew drop inn which was where all the adults used to go on Saturday nights to dance to the blaring juke box. The dew drop inn was a rough place to be. My mother was in there, and everybody was doing what they considered to be the nasty dances†¦many of the same people who went to dew drop inn on a Saturday night went to church on a Sunday morning. In dance I deal with these two very different worlds: Blues suite and revelations. † (A. P Bailey 1997 pg23) At the age of 12 Ailey joined his mother in Los Angeles where she was to work as cleaner for a wealthy white family â€Å"I remember very well seeing my mother on her knees scrubbing these white folks’ rooms and halls. That image is in my ballet cry† (A. P Bailey 1997pg32) Here he experienced the theatre and heard the music of Duke Ellington for the first time, who’s music he later came to create a total of 14 dances to. Including The River’ â€Å"The River is a legendary collaboration between Ailey and Ellington†¦ was Ellington’s first symphonic score written specifically for dance†¦The legendary and highly acclaimed collaboration mirrors together the art forms beautifully. (http://www. exploredance. com/article. htm? id=1635) Creations of Two Masterful Artists, Alvin Ailey and Duke Ellington by Amber Henrie December 28, 2006. It was not until the 1940s that Ailey took a serious interest in dance, seeing the Dunham Company perform excited him in a way that nothing ever had before. Proving it to be a transcendent experience for him, he felt a connection with her and her dancers and was ‘lifted into another realm. I couldn’t believe there were black people on a legitimate stage†¦before largely white audiences†¦doing afro-Caribbean. Lester Horton not only inspired Ailey with his stylized technique and incredibly expressive movement but also in the way he offered his students a ‘complete education’ teaching them how to participate in all aspects of production from lighting and reading music to choosing the correct fabric for performances â€Å"He knew every fabric in the world and was extremely knowledgeable about color, design, dyeing and tailoring†¦I am still guided by Lester’s insistence that costumes must be made from extraordinary fabric† (A.P Bailey 1997 pg. 63) The Horton Technique focus’ on movements that lengthen the spine and the hamstring muscles with flat backs, lateral stretches, descending and ascending from the floor into horizontal positions, release swings, leg swings and deep lunges all of which appear in Ailey’s works regularly. Lester Horton has proved to be Ailey’s biggest influence; the similarities between the 2 choreographers are due to Ailey’s awe of Horton, his works and his attitude. As he just as Martha Graham had, had a mixed racial company â€Å"He realized that you have to use the best dancers regardless of color† (A. P Bailey 1997 Pg. 60) All of the above stylistic features are seen in works of Ailey’s such as Revelations, Cry and Witness to name a few. Each using deep plies and stunning lines to create interesting and meaningful viewing, using a combination of modern dance with jazz and classical ballet. Each with a meaning and a message to its audiences worldwide. Ailey (cited by De Frantz) said From his roots as a slave, the American Negro – sometimes sorrowing, sometimes jubilant, but always hopeful – has created a legacy†¦ which have touched, illuminated and influenced the most remote preserves of world civilisation†¦ We bring you the exuberance of jazz, the ecstasy of his spirituals and the dark rapture of his blues. † Yet while Ailey drew lots of his choreography from his ‘blood memories’ he did create plot less works too, making more use of ballet technique which can be seen in Streams. After Lester Horton’s death, Ailey founded his own company and had great success that still lives to this day; he and his company toured worldwide and were awarded with numerous honours before settling In New York. Yet Thomas F DeFrantz (2004) said the unasked question, implicit in dozens of feature articles and reviews, seemed to be: how could a gay black man from dirt-poor. Rural, depression-era Texas, with limited dance training and no college degree found and run the most successful modern dance company in the idiom’s history? Alvin Ailey Contextualisation. (2018, Nov 07).

Review the business proposal submitted by other Learning Team Essay

Review the business proposal submitted by other Learning Team - Essay Example This statement is apparently used to remove the idea of the tacit collusion that is generally associated with price leadership in oligopolistic markets. The paper also assumes applicability of the Kinked demand curve model for this case. The paper states that the Chrysler Group LLC’s revenue can be increased by escalating the efficiency of its operations and the quality of its products, services, and marketing strategies. This is a generic statement that needs to be elaborated. Secondly, the paper assumed applicability of the Kinked demand curve which argues that where a â€Å"kink† does exist then a marginal change in cost structure or marginal change in revenue structure will not be immediately reflected in a new quantities sold or price for the given item. The paper does not use the Kinked demand curve model in its argument. It is true that in oligopolistic markets firms have mutual interdependence. Also, a major downside of using the Kinked demand curve model is that the model does not show us what causes a new equilibrium price and quantity to be achieved, and how that happens. Nevertheless, we disagree with the paper’s analysis that because of the above two reasons, the company cannot determine the price and output level for which it can maximize its profit. The paper could have used other models such as the Cournot-Nash model that looks at firms competing on the basis of quantity. The paper therefore does not clearly state its way to establish the profit maximization quantity. The automobile industry is a typical example of a differentiated oligopolistic market. Naturally, this would mean firms have to compete on their products differentiated attributes. The author’s example of the Pentastar V6 engine illustrates this. Patenting the Pentastar V6 engine is a great example of creating an entry barrier to firms seeking to enter the market. These firms will be forced to invest heavily in Research and Development in order to come up with